Kazakhstan
KazakhstanCrypto grew up inside the AIFC enclave; since May 2026 the National Bank also licenses onshore exchanges, stablecoins and tokens.
Key Regulatory Progress
Every law, rule and official guide on crypto in Kazakhstan: 17 apply today, and the rest show what's coming and how regulators read the rules. Each is explained in plain words and linked to the official original.
Last checked against the originals on 5 Oct 2026.
Core framework
The primary statutes that define crypto assets and who may deal in them.
- In forceApplies today
Rules for conducting strategic digital mining (Government Resolution No. 638)
Об утверждении Правил осуществления стратегического цифрового майнинга
Creates strategic digital miner status: approved miners get 10-year power contracts and contribute 10% of mined digital assets, net of the cost of electricity and its delivery, to the National Strategic Cryptoreserve.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Decree on measures to stimulate and develop the digital asset industry (No. 1347)
О мерах по стимулированию и развитию индустрии цифровых активов в Республике Казахстан
Creates a Committee on Digital Assets and Payment Systems at the NBK. Orders a bill on stablecoin payments and crypto custody and the issuance of tokenised government securities by 31 December 2026, an approach to DeFi by 1 November 2026, and a bill by 1 April 2027 exempting individuals from income tax on 2026 to 2028 trades through Kazakh providers. In force from signing.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Law on amendments on regulation and development of the financial market, communications and bankruptcy (No. 259-VIII)
О внесении изменений и дополнений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Казахстан по вопросам регулирования и развития финансового рынка, связи и банкротства
Rewrote the Digital Assets Law to create digital financial assets, money-backed stablecoins and three types of NBK-supervised service providers. Signed 16 January 2026; the licensing regime applied from 1 May 2026.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Law on amendments on artificial intelligence and digitalisation (No. 231-VIII)
О внесении изменений и дополнений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Казахстан по вопросам искусственного интеллекта и цифровизации
Ended the AIFC's exclusive hold on mining and crypto circulation, allowing licensed companies and individual entrepreneurs across Kazakhstan to mine.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Requirements for connecting digital miners to electricity networks
Об определении Требований к подключению цифровых майнеров к электрическим сетям
Implementing rules under the Digital Assets Law on how licensed miners connect to the grid and buy power, the main lever the state uses over mining. Last amended in April 2026.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Law on Digital Assets in the Republic of Kazakhstan (No. 193-VII)
О цифровых активах в Республике Казахстан
The core statute: classifies digital assets, licenses digital mining and sets rules for their circulation. Signed 6 February 2023, effective 1 April 2023, and heavily amended in 2025 and 2026.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
Government approves the Joint Action Plan for the development of the digital assets industry
Правительство Казахстана одобрило Совместный план действий по развитию отрасли цифровых активов
Approves a joint government and NBK plan of 65 measures in 10 areas required by Decree No. 1347, and reports that the National Strategic Cryptoreserve has reached USD 700 million and 34 projects have passed the NBK sandbox.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
State of the Nation Address: Kazakhstan in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Directed a State Digital Assets Fund at the NBK Investment Corporation to build a strategic crypto reserve, and crypto payments in Alatau City.
Read the original
Exchanges & custody
Licensing, conduct and custody rules for trading platforms and service providers.
- In forceApplies today
AFSA Public Register: Digital Asset Service Providers
The official list of AIFC digital asset firms with licence numbers, dates, status and activities: 26 active firms on 5 October 2026, 8 of them running trading facilities, including Bybit, BN KZ Technologies (Binance) and ATAIX Eurasia.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Register and requirements: unsecured digital asset exchange operators
Licensing requirements for crypto exchange operators outside the AIFC: joint-stock company or LLP form and charter capital of at least KZT 50 million. The register, on the Russian version of the page, listed four licensed operators on 2 October 2026.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Register and requirements: digital asset trading platform operators
Registration rules for platforms trading DFAs and crypto: KZT 200 million charter capital, board-approved operating rules, a three-year business plan and cybersecurity testing before launch. The register, on the Russian version of the page, lists only KASE.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Rules for the activities of unsecured digital asset exchange operators (NBK Resolution No. 45)
Об утверждении правил осуществления деятельности операторов обмена необеспеченных цифровых активов
Sets the licensing procedure, qualification requirements, trading and wallet rules, transaction monitoring and client limits for onshore crypto exchange operators. In force from 1 May 2026.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
AIFC Rules on Digital Asset Activities
The AIFC rulebook for digital asset trading facilities, service providers, money services and fiat stablecoin issuers, including annual audits of stablecoin reserves. Current consolidated version.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
AFSA introduces amendments to Capital Market, Digital Assets and Crowdfunding frameworks
From 1 January 2026 all firms dealing in digital assets are treated as Digital Asset Service Providers, with revised trading facility capital rules.
Read the original - EnactedPassed, not yet in force
Law on amendments on improvement and digitalisation of the financial market (No. 352-VIII)
О внесении изменений и дополнений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Казахстан по вопросам совершенствования и цифровизации финансового рынка, банкротства, а также оценки государственных органов
Amends the Digital Assets Law to require trading platforms to keep client money and digital assets in separate accounts and wallets, and extends NBK oversight to stablecoin reserve custodians. Signed 23 July 2026; most provisions take effect 60 days after its August 2026 publication.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
Operating a Digital Asset Trading Facility
AFSA's guide to authorisation of AIFC crypto exchanges: capital of at least USD 200,000 or 12 months of operating costs, a USD 98,000 authorisation fee and a USD 30,000 annual supervision fee (checked 5 October 2026).
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
Regulation of the digital assets market
The NBK's hub for the onshore regime: the legal basis, the three categories of service providers, mining licensing by the ministry, the sandbox and the crypto cards project.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
Kazakhstan introduces regulation of digital asset turnover
Announced that from 1 May 2026 crypto exchange operators need an NBK licence and trading and DFA platforms must register, and split supervision between the NBK, ARDFM and AIFC.
Read the original
Stablecoins & payments
Issuance, reserve and redemption rules for fiat-referenced tokens and payment tokens.
- In forceApplies today
Rules for the issuance, placement, circulation and redemption of digital financial assets
Об утверждении Правил выпуска цифровых финансовых активов, их размещения, оборота (обращения) и погашения
Sets the terms for money-backed stablecoins: issuer equity of at least KZT 200 million, minting only after 100% of reserves are in a bank account, and a knowledge test for retail buyers. Effective 1 May 2026.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
First tenge-denominated stablecoin launched in the National Bank's regulatory sandbox
Intebix, an AIFC exchange, issued a tenge stablecoin on Solana with Mastercard and Eurasian Bank, linked to crypto card payments.
Read the original
Tokenisation & securities
Security tokens, RWA, funds and ETFs.
- In forceApplies today
Register and requirements: digital financial asset platform operators
Registration rules for platforms that issue, record and redeem tokenised instruments; the NBK decides within 20 working days of a complete application.
Read the original - In forceApplies today
Regulatory Sandbox for Digital Financial Assets
The NBK sandbox for testing stablecoins, real estate and gold tokenisation, tokenised bonds, crypto brokerage and crypto QR payments before full licensing.
Read the original
Tax
How gains, income and transactions are taxed.
- In forceApplies today
Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Налоговый кодекс Республики Казахстан
The new Tax Code in force from 1 January 2026, which governs income tax on digital asset gains and the digital mining fee charged on electricity consumed.
Read the original
Investor protection
Market abuse, disclosure, advertising and retail safeguards.
- GuidanceNot binding law
AFSA Annual Report 2025
Reports 9 digital asset service providers under the full regime and 19 in the FinTech Lab in 2025, with USD 10.58 billion of transactions and about 215,000 clients.
Read the original
Banks & prudential
What banks may hold, custody or issue.
- GuidanceNot binding law
Annual Report of the National Bank of Kazakhstan for 2025
States that up to USD 350 million of the NBK's alternative portfolio will be invested in the National Strategic Cryptoreserve and that banks may now build DFA platforms and issue digital instruments.
Read the original - GuidanceNot binding law
National Bank launched crypto cards project and pilot projects in digital assets
Launched bank payment cards linked to wallets at AIFC-licensed crypto exchanges, and announced 2025 pilots on stablecoins and tokenisation.
Read the original
CBDC & tokenised money
Central-bank digital currency and tokenised deposit programmes.
- In forceApplies today
Digital Tenge
The NBK's CBDC page with white papers from the pilot through the first implementation phase. The digital tenge now funds National Fund projects.
Read the original
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