Insolvency, resolution and client asset priority.

Current rulebook (Mongolian), published by the FRC on 27 August 2026: MNT 400 million capital per service, a board of at least five with two independent members, ISO 27001 security, listing and market abuse policies, a 100x custody cap and Travel Rule data from MNT 3 million.

Set how the FRC monitored VASPs' compliance through reports and inspections. Repealed by FRC Resolution No. 216 of 11 June 2026, entered in the state register of administrative acts on 20 July 2026.

Set the grounds and procedure for the FRC to restrict, suspend or deregister a VASP (FRC English translation). Repealed by FRC Resolution No. 657 of 27 December 2024; the power itself sits in Article 11 of the VASP law.

The first registration rules: MNT 400 million of cash share capital per service, fit-and-proper owners and officers, and the filing list (FRC English translation). Repealed by FRC Resolution No. 657 of 27 December 2024.

The first operating regulation, which capped custody at 100 times a VASP's own equity and introduced the MNT 3 million Travel Rule threshold. Repealed by FRC Resolution No. 657 of 27 December 2024; Resolution No. 258 of 2026 is the current text.

Phase 1 guidelines letting audited non-profits liquidate donated crypto and exchanges sell top-20 assets to cover costs through real-name accounts.

Under Monetary Board Resolution 848 of 20 August 2025, the freeze on new VASP licences continues from 1 September 2025 with no end date, subject to reassessment.

Draft law creating a stablecoin issuance licence, with an interest ban, stress testing, recovery plans and recognition of some foreign stablecoins. Comments close 16 October 2026.

Sets the MAS-SCS framework for single-currency stablecoins pegged to the Singapore dollar or a G10 currency. Covers reserves, capital, redemption at par within five business days and disclosure.

Effective on issue for a five-year pilot. It sets the licensing conditions for up to five service providers, limits new tokens to real-asset-backed issues sold only to foreign investors, and requires settlement in dong.

Passed 27 June 2025 and effective 1 September 2025, creating an international financial centre in Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang with special mechanisms. Officials have named it as a possible home for further digital asset pilots.

Passed 15 November 2022 and effective 1 March 2023. Resolution 05 applies its customer due diligence rules to crypto providers, with identification required for occasional transactions of US$1,000 or more.

Creates strategic digital miner status: approved miners get 10-year power contracts and contribute 10% of mined digital assets, net of the cost of electricity and its delivery, to the National Strategic Cryptoreserve.

Sets the licensing procedure, qualification requirements, trading and wallet rules, transaction monitoring and client limits for onshore crypto exchange operators. In force from 1 May 2026.

Rewrote the Digital Assets Law to create digital financial assets, money-backed stablecoins and three types of NBK-supervised service providers. Signed 16 January 2026; the licensing regime applied from 1 May 2026.

Names the FSA as the supervision and control body for virtual assets, covering licence compliance and AML monitoring, removes its licensing role, and repeals the KGS 10 billion exchange capital clause. It applies from 9 June 2026.

Rules for crypto exchanges, as amended by Resolutions No. 625 (2025) and No. 516 (2026): fit-and-proper owners, AML and travel rule duties and service to residents and non-residents. Resolution No. 516 removed the KGS 10 billion capital clause; the minimum is now set by presidential decree.

Explains Resolution No. 625: mandatory AML/KYT screening through approved providers, bans on anonymous wallets, NFTs and high-risk assets, sanctions checks on key staff and annual audits.

In force from 20 April 2026: makes Karakalpakstan the Besqala Mining Valley, exempts residents' mining income from taxes and fees until 1 January 2035 for a 1% monthly payment, and lets them sell mined crypto abroad with proceeds credited to Uzbek banks.

From 1 January 2026 allows tokenised shares and bonds, requires exchanges to set up platforms for them, and opens a NAPP and Central Bank sandbox for currency-backed tokens.

The founding act, as amended to April 2026: defines crypto-assets, service providers and mining, exempts crypto transactions from tax, and requires residents to deal only through national providers.

The authoritative consolidated text of PP-3832 on the official legal database.

Licensing regime for fiat-backed stablecoin issuers: BD 250,000 base capital, reserves of at least 100% of stablecoins in circulation with monthly independent audit reports, and redemption at par within five business days. First issued July 2025; the current version applies from 6 May 2026.

Lists the 56 firms that will not continue crypto services in Turkey and are winding down, so customers can check whether to withdraw assets.

Explains the transition: existing firms had until 2 August 2024 to declare they would seek a licence or wind down, with liquidation decisions due by 2 October 2024.

Announces the federal framework for virtual asset service providers and alternative trading system operators (CMA Resolution No. (04/Chairman) of 2026): five modules and eight activities, from dealing and custody to advice, portfolio management and operating a trading facility.

Sets out what the BMA expects in a DABA licence application, from the legal vehicle, head office and staffing to outsourcing, insurance, capital and custody. It names SAC, ISAC and trust structures as bankruptcy-remote options firms have used.

Sets the BMA's expectations for licensed stablecoin issuers: segregated, high-quality liquid backing assets at least equal to coins in issue, monthly attestations, a published white paper, stress testing and recovery planning. Published with a stakeholder letter on 3 December 2024.